Neovim 系列（六）：Plugin 管理——用 lazy.nvim 打造你的工具箱

~/.config/nvim/
├── init.lua                  ← 入口點
├── lua/
│   └── config/
│       ├── options.lua       ← vim.opt 設定
│       ├── keymaps.lua       ← 快捷鍵映射
│       └── lazy.lua          ← lazy.nvim 初始化
│   └── plugins/
│       ├── colorscheme.lua   ← 配色主題
│       ├── lualine.lua       ← 狀態列
│       └── ...               ← 其他 plugins

-- Leader Key（必須最先設定）
vim.g.mapleader = " "
vim.g.maplocalleader = " "

-- 行號
vim.opt.number = true
vim.opt.relativenumber = true

-- 縮排
vim.opt.tabstop = 4
vim.opt.shiftwidth = 4
vim.opt.expandtab = true
vim.opt.smartindent = true

-- 搜尋
vim.opt.ignorecase = true
vim.opt.smartcase = true
vim.opt.hlsearch = true
vim.opt.incsearch = true

-- 外觀
vim.opt.termguicolors = true
vim.opt.cursorline = true
vim.opt.signcolumn = "yes"
vim.opt.scrolloff = 8
vim.opt.colorcolumn = "80"

-- 系統整合
vim.opt.clipboard = "unnamedplus"
vim.opt.mouse = "a"
vim.opt.undofile = true

-- 視窗
vim.opt.splitbelow = true
vim.opt.splitright = true

-- 其他
vim.opt.wrap = false
vim.opt.swapfile = false
vim.opt.backup = false
vim.opt.updatetime = 250
vim.opt.timeoutlen = 300
vim.opt.completeopt = { "menuone", "noselect" }

vim.keymap.set("i", "jk", "<Esc>", { desc = "Exit insert mode" })
vim.keymap.set("n", "<leader>h", ":nohlsearch<CR>", { desc = "Clear search highlight" })
vim.keymap.set("n", "<leader>w", ":w<CR>", { desc = "Save file" })
vim.keymap.set("n", "<leader>q", ":q<CR>", { desc = "Quit" })

-- 視窗
vim.keymap.set("n", "<leader>sv", ":vsplit<CR>", { desc = "Split vertical" })
vim.keymap.set("n", "<leader>sh", ":split<CR>", { desc = "Split horizontal" })
vim.keymap.set("n", "<leader>sx", ":close<CR>", { desc = "Close split" })
vim.keymap.set("n", "<C-h>", "<C-w>h", { desc = "Move to left window" })
vim.keymap.set("n", "<C-j>", "<C-w>j", { desc = "Move to lower window" })
vim.keymap.set("n", "<C-k>", "<C-w>k", { desc = "Move to upper window" })
vim.keymap.set("n", "<C-l>", "<C-w>l", { desc = "Move to right window" })

-- 行移動
vim.keymap.set("v", "J", ":m '>+1<CR>gv=gv", { desc = "Move selection down" })
vim.keymap.set("v", "K", ":m '<-2<CR>gv=gv", { desc = "Move selection up" })
vim.keymap.set("n", "J", "mzJ`z", { desc = "Join lines (keep cursor)" })

-- 滾動
vim.keymap.set("n", "<C-d>", "<C-d>zz", { desc = "Scroll down (centered)" })
vim.keymap.set("n", "<C-u>", "<C-u>zz", { desc = "Scroll up (centered)" })
vim.keymap.set("n", "n", "nzzzv", { desc = "Next search (centered)" })
vim.keymap.set("n", "N", "Nzzzv", { desc = "Prev search (centered)" })

-- Buffer
vim.keymap.set("n", "<S-l>", ":bnext<CR>", { desc = "Next buffer" })
vim.keymap.set("n", "<S-h>", ":bprevious<CR>", { desc = "Previous buffer" })
vim.keymap.set("n", "<leader>bd", ":bdelete<CR>", { desc = "Delete buffer" })

-- 剪貼簿
vim.keymap.set("x", "<leader>p", '"_dP', { desc = "Paste without overwrite" })
vim.keymap.set("n", "<leader>d", '"_d', { desc = "Delete to void" })
vim.keymap.set("v", "<leader>d", '"_d', { desc = "Delete to void" })

require("config.options")
require("config.keymaps")
require("config.lazy")

-- Bootstrap lazy.nvim（自動安裝）
local lazypath = vim.fn.stdpath("data") .. "/lazy/lazy.nvim"
if not vim.loop.fs_stat(lazypath) then
  vim.fn.system({
    "git",
    "clone",
    "--filter=blob:none",
    "https://github.com/folke/lazy.nvim.git",
    "--branch=stable",
    lazypath,
  })
end
vim.opt.rtp:prepend(lazypath)

-- 設定 lazy.nvim
require("lazy").setup("plugins", {
  checker = {
    enabled = true,     -- 自動檢查 plugin 更新
    notify = false,     -- 不要彈出通知
  },
  change_detection = {
    notify = false,     -- 設定檔變更時不通知
  },
})

-- lua/plugins/example.lua
return {
  "github-user/plugin-name",   -- GitHub repo 路徑
  dependencies = { ... },       -- 依賴的其他 plugin
  config = function()           -- plugin 載入後執行的設定
    require("plugin-name").setup({
      -- 設定選項
    })
  end,
  event = "VeryLazy",          -- 何時載入（lazy-loading）
  keys = { ... },              -- 綁定快捷鍵時載入
  cmd = { "CommandName" },     -- 執行指定命令時載入
}

-- lua/plugins/colorscheme.lua
return {
  "catppuccin/nvim",
  name = "catppuccin",
  priority = 1000,  -- 確保最先載入
  config = function()
    require("catppuccin").setup({
      flavour = "mocha",  -- latte, frappe, macchiato, mocha
      integrations = {
        treesitter = true,
        telescope = { enabled = true },
        gitsigns = true,
        which_key = true,
      },
    })
    vim.cmd.colorscheme("catppuccin")
  end,
}

-- lua/plugins/lualine.lua
return {
  "nvim-lualine/lualine.nvim",
  dependencies = { "nvim-tree/nvim-web-devicons" },
  config = function()
    require("lualine").setup({
      options = {
        theme = "catppuccin",
        component_separators = { left = "", right = "" },
        section_separators = { left = "", right = "" },
      },
      sections = {
        lualine_a = { "mode" },
        lualine_b = { "branch", "diff", "diagnostics" },
        lualine_c = { "filename" },
        lualine_x = { "encoding", "fileformat", "filetype" },
        lualine_y = { "progress" },
        lualine_z = { "location" },
      },
    })
  end,
}

-- lua/plugins/devicons.lua
return {
  "nvim-tree/nvim-web-devicons",
  lazy = true,  -- 被其他 plugin 依賴時才載入
}

-- lua/plugins/indent-blankline.lua
return {
  "lukas-reineke/indent-blankline.nvim",
  main = "ibl",
  event = "BufReadPost",
  config = function()
    require("ibl").setup({
      indent = { char = "│" },
      scope = { enabled = true },
    })
  end,
}

-- lua/plugins/autopairs.lua
return {
  "windwp/nvim-autopairs",
  event = "InsertEnter",
  config = function()
    require("nvim-autopairs").setup({})
  end,
}

-- lua/plugins/comment.lua
return {
  "numToStr/Comment.nvim",
  event = "BufReadPost",
  config = function()
    require("Comment").setup()
  end,
}